Balancing device for turbine-gates.



No, 7|u,3af. Patented sept. so, 1902.

v w. w, TYLER.

VBALANGING DEVICE FOB TUBBINE GATES.

Y (Application md June 15, 1901.) Kuo model.) 2 sheets-snm l,

VIII/[[1114 1N: uonms PETERS w, Fumo-Limo., wnsnmurom D. cy

Patented Sept. 30, 1902.

W. W. TYLER.

BALANCING DEVICE FOB TURBINE GATES.

(Application led June 15, 1901.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

/N VEN TOI? m S E m W UNiTED STATES ATENT Finca.

VILLIAM NV. TYLER,- OF YORK, PENNSYLVANIA.

BALANCING DEVICE FOR TURBINE-GATES.

SPECIFICATION forming part f Application filed June 15.1901.

T0 [IJ/Z whom, if may concern:

Beit known that I, WILLIAM W. TYLER, a citizen of the United States, anda resident of York, in the county of York and State of Pennsylvania,have invented new and useful Improvements in Balancing Devices forTurbine-Gates, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription.

The invention relates 1o turbines having a cylindrical gate forcontrolling the inlet of the water to the wheel or runner.

The object of the invention is to provide certain new and usefulimprovements in balancin g devices for turbine-gates whereby the gate iscompletely balanced at any stage of its opening, so that the pressure ofthe water neither tends to open or close the gate, and hence the lattercan be easily opened or closed by the attendant.

The invention consists of novel features and parts and combinations ofthe same, as will be fully described hereinafter and then pointed out inthe claims.

A practical embodiment of the invention is represented in theaccompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in whichsimilar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all theviews.

Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation showing one-half of thewater-wheel provided with thel improvement. Fig. 2 is a plan view of thegate with the chutes in section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is anenlarged plan view of the improvement. Fig. 4 is a transverse section ofthe same on the line 4 4 of Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 is a similar view of thesame on the line 5 5 of Fig. 3.

The turbine wheel casing is of suitable construction and consists,essentially, of a cover A, extending over a chute-frame B, carried by acentral draft-tube O, and in the said casing is arranged the water-wheelor runner D, secured on a shaft E, stepped in a shoe E', supportedcentrally by a spider E2 from the draft-tube C. The chute-frame Bconsists, essentially, of the upper ring B', the bottom ring B2, and theconnecting-bars B3, connectingthe rings with each other and forming themain chutes for directing the water against the buckets of thewater-wheel or runner D.

A cylinder-gate F is arranged exteriorly of the central draft-tube O,and on the upper end of this cylinder-gate are formed inwardly- LettersPatent No. 710,381, dated September 30, 1902.

Serial No. 64,692. (No model.)

extending Wings F', reaching between adjacent' bars BS of thechute-frame B, as is plainly indicated in Figs. l and 2, the said wingsforming the bottom ofthe waterway leading to the wheel or runner D nomatter whether the gate is raised or lowered or is in an intermediateposition.

The gate F is hung on upwardly-extending rods G, one only being shown,and on each rod G is secured a rack H,in mesh with a pinion H', securedon a shaft I, journaled in suitable bearings arranged on brackets I',secured to the top or cover A of the turbinewheel casing. A bevelgear-wheel I2 is secured on the shaft I and is in mesh with a pinion`I3, fastened to the lower end of the vertically-disposed shaft I4,journaled in suitable bearings carried by the brackets I', as indicatedin Fig. 5, the said shaft I4 being under the control of the operator, sothat on turning the shaft I4 a rotary motion is given to the shaft I bythe pinion I3 and gear-wheel I2, and the motion given to the shaftIcauses the pinion H' to move the rack H,and withit the gate F, up ordown, according to the direction in which the shaft I'1 is turned by theoperator. A pulley G2 is journaled on a stud G3, carried by the bracketI', and this pulley is in engagement with the back of the rack H, sothat the latter is at all times held in proper mesh with the pinion H'.(See Figs. 3 and 4.) The pulley G2 is grooved to clear the offsets G'and the rod G.

The rack H is hung by a pivot J' on an arm .I extending from the stem K'of a piston K, mounted to slide in a cylinder L, preferably concentrictothe shaft E, and supported onl the tubular extension A' of the coverA, through which tubular extension passes the shaft E, as indicated inFig. 1. The lower end of the cylinder L is open, while the top thereofis closed, and the upper end of this cylinder is connected by a pipe Nwith the chamber into which the water is discharged from the main chute,so that the pressure perl unit of area'in the cylinder and against thepiston is substantially the same as that of the chamber inside the saidchute. As indicated in Fig. 1, the pipe N opens into the chamber throughthe ring B', the inlet-opening being between the upper ends of two barsB3, as will be readily understoodby reference to Fig. 2.

I do not limit myself to the particular loca- IOO tion of the cylinder Land its piston, as described and shown, as it is evident that theWorking parts may be otherwise located or arranged to accomplish thedesired result.

A balanced gate is had if the total pressure above the wings equals thetotal pressure below them. The pressure per inch above the wings variesfrom that due the full head at the entrance to the stationary chutes tothat of the full head less the head due the velocity with which theWater is discharged from those chutes. The pressure per inch below thewings is the same as at the discharge from the chutes and equal to theleast pressure above the Wings. In order to make the total pressurebelow the Wings which tends to close the gate equal to that above thewings which tends to open it, the cylinder and piston are added. Whenthe piston is thin and on the same level as the wings, the pressure perinch above the piston is the same as that below the Wings. The pressureper inch below the piston would then be that due the full'head. Thus letH equal head at outer edge of Wings F', 7L equal head at inner edge ofwings F', equal average head upon wings F', A equal area of wings F, Kequal area of piston K, L equal height of top of cylinder L, l equalheight of bottom of cylinder L, H l equal head beneath piston K, 7L lequal head on top of piston K. Then the gate will be in equilibrium whenIf the piston K is on a level with the wings F', then l equals O and thepressure orheads lupon the two sides of piston K become the same asthose upon the top of the wings K at the outer edge and the bottomthereof. If no cylinder and piston were added, the pressure per inchabove the wings at the inlet of the chute is so much greater than thatbelow the wings that the gate would have a tendency to open. If the areaof the piston was equal to the area of the Wings, the pressure per inchbelow the piston would be so much greater than the average pressureabove the wings that the gate would have a tendency to close. Theperfect balance will be Obtained when the area of the piston is suchthat the sum of the pressure per inch at the discharge from the chutesmultiplied into the area of the piston added to the pressure per inch ofthe Whole head multiplied into the area of the wings less the area ofthe piston equals the pressure above the gate. The area required by thepiston is found by trial to be essentially half the area of the Wings,but is so affected by the form of the chutes and of their contractionthat the best proportion of the area of the piston to that of the wingscan only be learned by experiment. If the water-wheel be so constructedthat the piston is placed above or below the wings, the principles ofthe balance are unchanged, for whatever is added to or subtracted fromthe pressure per inch on one side of the piston is also added to orsubtracted from the other and the difference between the two pressuresis unchanged, and hence the gate is equally well balanced at anyposition of the piston.

Neither do I limit myself to the use of a single cylinder and itspiston, but reserve the right to use two or more cylinders and pistonswhose total area would be equal to the cylinder described here and ofwhich both or all would be connected with the chamber below the wings ofthe gate by tubes, as already described, and which shall also beattached to the gate, so as to help balance the pressure of water abovethe wings, and which would be located in any convenient place foraccomplishing the above purpose.

Y Having thus Adescribed my invention, I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patentl. A turbine water-wheel havinga cylindergateprovided with wings, a cylinder and a piston therein connected with thegate, the under side of the piston being exposed to the pressure of thewhole fall of water, and the pressure on the top of the piston beingthat of the pressure of the water below the wings inside of the gate,'asset forth.

2. A turbine water-Wheel havinga cylindergate provided with wings, acylinder, and a piston therein connected with the said gate, the area ofthe piston being su bstantially onehalf of the area of the gate-Wingsupon which the pressure is exerted, the said cylinder being opened atthe bottom, and a pipe connecting the closed top of the. cylinder with awater-chamber inside of the gate, as set forth.

3. A turbine water wheel having main chutes, a runner against which thewater is directed by the main chutes, a .cylinder-gate having wingsextending between the bars forming the main chutes, a cylinder connectedat its closed top with the main chutes between adjacent bars at the topthereof, and a piston in the cylinder and carrying the said gate, aslset forth.

4. A turbine water wheel having main chutes, a runner against which thewater is directed by the main chutes, a cylinder-gate having wingsextending between the bars forming the main chutes, a cylinder connectedat its closed top with the main chutes between adjacent bars at the topthereof, and a piston in the cylinder and carrying the said gate, andmeans for raising or lowering the said gate independently of the saidcylinder and piston, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my naine to this specication in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM W. TYLER.

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